After you apply: what happens next

Once your application is in, watch your mail and your email closely. Most problems after this point come from a letter that went unanswered.

How long it takes

Federal rules give states up to 45 days to make a decision, or up to 90 days if you applied based on a disability. Some states decide much faster. Delays are allowed in unusual cases, such as when the agency is waiting for something from you.

If the agency asks for more information, send it by the deadline on the letter. Call if you can't get something in time; they may give you more time.

When you're approved

You'll get an approval notice, and usually a Medicaid card. If your state uses health plans, you may be asked to pick one, or you'll be assigned one if you don't choose. The member services number is on your letter or the back of your card.

You don't have to wait for the card to use your coverage. Show your doctor a copy of your approval letter. At the pharmacy, bring the letter with your prescription. If the pharmacy can't fill it yet, most can give you a 3-day supply while you call your agency or plan.

Help with medical bills you already have

Medicaid can pay for care you got before you applied, as long as you would have qualified at the time. Right now it can reach back 3 months. For applications made on or after January 1, 2027, CMS says the look-back drops to 1 month for adults in the expansion group and 2 months for everyone else.

If you have recent medical bills and think you qualify, apply before the end of 2026 if you can, and tell the agency about the bills. Ask the doctor or hospital to hold off on collections while your application is pending.

If you're turned down

Your notice has to say why. Lesson 13 covers your right to appeal and what to do next.

Sources: Using your new Medicaid or CHIP coverage, HealthCare.gov; CMCS bulletin on the Medicaid provisions of Public Law 119-21, CMS; 42 CFR 435.912, timely determinations, eCFR.